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PROGBSS OF GEMENTING ARMOR PLllJlBS.l

No. 515,505. Patented F55. 27, 1894.

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4 H; SCHNEIDER. PROCESS@ GEMENTING ARMOR PLATES.

No. 515,505. Patented Feb. 27,1894.

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UNITED STATES NPn'rgEIxffr OFFICE.

HENRISCHNEIDER, CREUZOT, FRANCE.

PROCESS OF CEMENTING ARMOR-PLATES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Pat-ent No. 515,505, dated February 27,1894. ,Application tiled September 4, 1893. Serial No. 484,778. (No specimens.) Patented in France March 15, 1893, No. 228,637.

j provement in Cementation of Armor-Plates,

(for which I have obtained a French patent, No. 228,637, dated March l5, 1893,) which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification.

The present invention is an improvement` upon the process described in my application of even date herewith, Serial No. 484,777, for

cementing or hardening armor plates by a super-carbonizatiou of the exterior surface of such plates.

According to the present improvement I' replace the cover and refractory material, which limited the capacity of the gas chamber, by an iron or steel frame, constructed in such way that it adapts itself to the form of the plate to be treated, and which is interposed between the two plates, so that the Weight of the upper plate resting upon this frame tends to make a tight joint, the tightness of the joint being further assured by strands or strips of asbestus, which are compressed or packed tightly by the weight of the plate. By this means I constitute, in asimple and satisfactory manner, a gas-tight chamber in which the carbonizing gas may be retained at asuitable pressure (say a pressure equal to or exceeding twenty inches of water) whereby the gas is caused to penetrate the metal to a considerable depth when the molecules of the latter are spread by heat. Finding that the cementation is more intense and energetic in the immediate vicinity of the gas-inlets, I insure the utmost regularity of treatment by `multiplying the points of admission of the gas, and with the same object in view I admit the gas alternately from opposite sides of the chamber or inclosure as hereinafter explained.

In the drawings accompanying this specitication, Figure I, represents in end elevation an arrangement for the simultaneous cementing of two plates. Figs. Il, III, IV and V are top views representing arrangements of the tubes which supply the gaseous agents employed inthe process, and Fig. VI represents the construction of the gas supply tubes as described in my application aforesaid.

In treating two plates simultaneously the cover or chamber of refractory material, forming the inclosed space in which the gaseous agents act upon the plate, is replaced by a frame F, of iron or steel, having an outline corresponding to that of the plates C, D. Tight joints between the frame F and the adjacent faces of the plates are formed by asbestus packing cl which may be `in theform of sheets or strands. The weight of the npper plate C compresses the asbestus to such an extent as to constitute a satisfactoryjoint. The weight of this frame can vary from one point to another. A

If there were for one operation, but one plate to be cemented, the lower plate or the upper plate would be replaced by any sort of plate of iron or steel, of suitable thickness, and able consequently to serve for several operations.v Y

.The tubes for supplying the gas are arranged substantially as in my aforesaid application, and as illustrated in Fig. VI. The outer tube or jacket T is iitted at its inner or lower end into the frame F, and atight joint made by means of asbestus packing f. Several of these tubes are used, and they may be independent, as shown in Figs. III and V or connected with a common tube T as in Figs. Hand IV. The tubes may, as shown in Figs. IV and V extend a greater or less distance into gig) chamber formed by the frame F and plates To insure greater regularity of treatment gas supply tubes are arranged on both sides A and B, of the plates, and the admission of gas is effected alternately from the opposite sides. When the gas enters from the side A, the gas in excess passes 0E by the tubes on the side B of the plate, and vice versa. Consequently no special discharge tube for the gases is required, the tubet (Fig. VI) servin g alternately as a supply and as a discharge pipe.

The pipes p 1o serve respectively to convey Water to and from the Water jacket T.

The supply of gas to the inclosed chamber may be continued during the entire operation, orit may be interrupted for longer or shorter intervals, or may be replaced by an inert gas. Such interruption of the supply of the gaseous cementing agents is useful, because,

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with illuminating gas, such as preferably employed, the carbonization of the metal proceeds very rapidly on the surface, and the carbon has not time to penetrate to the desired depth. During the periods of interruption of the current of gas, that in thechamber undergoes decarbonization, 'becoming gradually inert and the carbonization of the surface stops. in excess at and near the surface diminishes by penetrating to a greater depth, so that, as

a nal result, athi'cker zone or layer of cementation is produced than could otherwise be obtained.

The arrangement of apparatus shown and described admits of 'the perfect control of the operation, which is one of its ad vantages over the ordinary process of cementation of armor y plates. I 4

I claim as my invention- 1. The described process of cementation for as described.

, 2. In theprocess of cementing armor plates dro. the improvement consisting in forming a i closed chamber in contact with the surface 'On the other hand .the carbon l1 of the plate or plates, and admitting gaseous 'cementing agents to said chamber alternately from opposite sides thereof, using the gas pipes or conduits alternately as supply and discharge pipes substantially as'described.

3. In combination with the two plates to be cemented, a frame interposed between said plates, provided with gas-inlets and a packing of asbestus 'between .the frame and plates held in place by the weight of the latter, the whole forming a chamber for the gaseous lagents to act upon the surfaces ofthe plates, substantially as described. p

4. The combination with the frame and the plates forming therewith a closed chamber, of gas supply tubes arranged `on` opposite sides o'f'said frame, substantially as described.

5. In the process of cementing armorplates by means of gaseous cementing agents, the

improvement consisting in 'interrupting the supply of cement'ing gases at intervals and replacing them with 4an inert gas, substantially as described. y

In testimony whereof 1 have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRI SCHNEIDER.

Witnesses: A

CHARLES LAUREATI, HIPPOLYTE OLIVIER,

Both of Dijon( 

